What are the negative effects of wing tip vortex?
Wingtip vortices can also pose a severe hazard to light aircraft, especially during the landing and take off phases of flight. The intensity or strength of the vortex is a function of aircraft size, speed, and configuration (flap setting, etc.).
What are the four left turning tendencies?
Torque, spiraling slipstream, P-factor, and gyroscopic precession are commonly referred to as the four left-turning tendencies, because they cause either the nose of the aircraft or the wings to rotate left.
What happens when the four forces of flight are unbalanced?
Assuming a straight and level flight, lift must be equal to weight and drag must be equal to thrust. This is what happens if this equilibrium is violated: If lift becomes greater than weight, then the plane will accelerate upward. If the weight is greater than the lift, then the plane will accelerate downward.
Why does a slower aircraft generate more wing tip vortices than a faster one with all other variables being equal?
Why does an aircraft moving slowly generate stronger wing tip vortices than when operating at higher speeds, all other variables being equal? The reason is simply that when operating at lower speeds, aircraft must fly at a higher angle of attack in order to generate the amount of lift needed to support the weight.
What is downwash and Upwash?
producing the lift, wing induces an angle of attack on the stream around it. The. induced angle is positive ahead of the wing and is called upwash. Behind the. wing, the induced angle is negative and is called downwash.
Why does a plane pitch its nose down?
What causes an airplane (except a T tail) to pitch nose down when power is reduced and controls are not adjusted? The downwash on the elevators from the propeller slipstream is reduced and elevator effectiveness is reduced. An airplane has been loaded in such a manner that the CG is located aft CG limit.
How many forces are basic in any flight?
four forces
What is wake turbulence separation?
Air Traffic Wake Turbulence Separations Separation is applied to aircraft operating directly behind a super or heavy at the same altitude or less than 1,000 feet below, and to small aircraft operating directly behind a B757 at the same altitude or less than 500 feet below: Heavy behind super – 6 miles.
When the undercarriage is lowered in flight?
Cards
| Term Airplanes were developed primarily by: | Definition the trial and error method |
|---|---|
| Term What effect on lift induced drag does entering ground effect have? | Definition (a) It decreases. |
| Term When the undercarriage is lowered in flight: (a) | Definition Form drag will increase and the aircraft will pitch nose down. |
What is the oldest active international airline?
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
How will a surface crosswind of 3 knots affect wake turbulence generated from a departing aircraft?
A 3 to 5 knot crosswind will tend to keep the upwind vortex in the runway area and may cause the downwind vortex to drift toward another runway. Atmospheric turbulence generally causes them to break up more rapidly. Depending on the size of the helicopter, significant wake turbulence can be generated.
How is downwash calculated?
If we wish to measure downwash in degrees instead of radians, the constant 2/π is equal to 36.5, and so the downwash angle ε is 36.5 times the lift coefficient divided by the aspect ratio of the wing. Keep in mind that this result is for a rectangular planform wing.
How is downwash created?
The reaction of the air as a fluid to the shape of the airfoil creates upwash on the front part of the wing and downwash on the rear part. Downwash is the force that creates lift. This is the downwash created by the wings of the jet resulting in an opposing lift force.
What causes an airplane except at tail?
What causes an airplane (except a T-tail) to pitch nosedown when power is reduced and controls are not adjusted? A) The CG shifts forward when thrust and drag are reduced. When thrust is reduced to less than weight, lift is also reduced and the wings can no longer support the weight.
Which aircraft has the right of way over all other air traffic?
An aircraft in distress has the right-of-way over all other air traffic. (1) A balloon has the right-of-way over any other category of aircraft; (2) A glider has the right-of-way over an airship, powered parachute, weight- shift-control aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft.
When wing tip vortices do occurs?
As the air curls upward around the tip, it combines with the downwash to form a fast-spinning trailing vortex. These vortices increase drag because of energy spent in producing the turbulence. Whenever an airfoil is producing lift, induced drag occurs and wingtip vortices are created.
0